Этимология некоторых индоиранских культурных терминов и теория индоиранского субстрата
I. Индоир. *Hišti- / *Hišta- ‘кирпич’
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30842/30346800.2026.2.1.7Ключевые слова:
кирпич-сырец, этимология, теория индоиранского субстрата, тохарский язык, индоиранский праязыкАннотация
За последние три десятилетия в индологии и иранистике утвердилась теория, согласно которой целый пласт общеарийской лексики обязан своим возникновением контактам индоиранцев с носителями культуры Бактрийско-Маргианского археологического комплекса (БМАК). Начиная с нижеследующих заметок, я планирую опубликовать серию статей, призванных показать, что по крайней мере некоторые из предполагаемых заимствований гораздо убедительнее объясняются как относящиеся к индоевропейскому наследию в индоиранском. В первой из них речь пойдет об индоиранском обозначении кирпича, для которого постулируется индоевропейский прототип *h2h̥1s-tó-/*h2h̥1s-ti- от *h2eh1s- ‘сушить, высушивать’, ̥ отвечающий как семантическим, так и формальным — фонологическим и морфологическим — критериям этимологической достоверности.
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